The study also found that Veterans are older, less likely to report drug abuse, and better educated than other State and Federal prisoners.
(WASHINGTON, D.C.) - There were an estimated 140,000 veterans held in state and federal prisons in 2004, the Justice Department’s Bureau of Justice Statistics announced Sunday.
State prisons held 127,500 of these veterans, and federal prisons held 12,500.
Almost all veterans in prison were male (99 percent).
Among adult males in the U.S. population in 2004, veterans were half as likely as non-veterans to be in prison (630 prisoners per 100,000 veterans, compared to 1,390 prisoners per 100,000 non-veteran U.S. residents).
The difference is largely explained by age.
Two-thirds of male veterans in the U.S. population were at least 55 years old, compared to 17 percent of non-veteran men. The incarceration rate of these older male veterans (182 per 100,000) was far lower than for those under age 55 (1,483 per 100,000).
In 2004, the percentage of state prisoners who reported prior service in the U.S. Armed Forces (10 percent) was half of the level reported in 1986 (20 percent).
BJS began surveying federal prisoners in 1991, and federal inmates showed a similar decline in reporting military service – from 20 percent in 1991 to 10 percent in 2004.
Despite the declining percentages of prisoners with prior military service, the estimated number of veterans in state and federal prison increased by more than 50,000 between 1985 and 2000.
This increase coincided with a rapid growth in total prison populations.
Since 2000, the number of veterans in prison has fallen 13,100 or 9 percent.
The average length of military service of veterans in prison was about four years, and six in 10 received an honorable discharge.
The majority of veterans in state (54 percent) and federal (64 percent) prisons served during a wartime period, but a much lower percentage (20 percent of veterans in state prisons, 26 percent of federal) reported seeing combat.
Vietnam-era veterans (36 percent) were the largest group of wartime service veterans in state prisons, followed by veterans of the 1990-91 Persian Gulf War (14 percent).
Only 4 percent of the veterans in state prison had served since operations began in Afghanistan and Iraq.
Over half of veterans (57 percent) were serving time for violent offenses, compared to 47 percent of non-veterans.
In particular, veterans (23 percent) were twice as likely as non-veterans (9 percent) to have been sentenced for sexual assaults, including rape.
Among violent offenders, a higher percentage of veterans reported victimizing females (60 percent for veterans compared to 41 percent for non-veterans) and minors (40 percent for veterans compared to 24 percent for non-veterans).
“We couldn’t come to any definite conclusion as to why,” said Margaret E. Noonan, one of the study’s authors told the AP.
The numbers mirror a trend seen in military prisons, where populations have declined but sexual assault remains the most common crime.
“I don’t want people to come away from this thinking veterans are crazed sex offenders,” Noonan said. “I want them to understand that veterans are less likely to be in prison in the first place.”
The incarceration rate for veterans is 630 per 100,000, compared to 1,390 per 100,000 for nonveterans.
Veterans were much older than other inmates; the median age of veterans in State prison was 45, compared to 33 for non-veterans.
Veterans in state prisons were also more likely to be white (54 percent) than non-veterans in state prisons (33 percent).
Veterans were much better educated than other state prisoners.
Nearly all veterans (91 percent) reported at least a high school diploma or GED, compared to 60 percent of non-veterans in state prisons.
College attendance was three times higher among veterans in state prison as well (33 percent compared to 10 percent of non-veterans).
Veterans were less likely to report drug use in the month before their offense (42 percent) than other state prisoners (58 percent).
Veteran status was not related to inmate reports of alcohol dependence and abuse.
The report, Veterans in State and Federal Prison, 2004 (NCJ-217199), was written by BJS statistician Margaret E. Noonan and BJS policy analyst Christopher J. Mumola. Following publication it can be found at www.ojp.usdoj.gov/bjs/abstract/vsfp04.htm.
Study: Inmates Who Are Vets More Likely to be Sex OffendersSalem-News.com